Tuesday, October 12, 2010

Isaiah 43:4

מֵאֲשֶׁ֨ר יָקַ֧רְתָּ בְעֵינַ֛י נִכְבַּ֖דְתָּ וַאֲנִי֣ אֲהַבְתִּי֑ךָ וְאֶתֵּ֤ן אָדָם֙ תַּחְתֶּ֔יךָ וּלְאֻמִּ֖ים תַּ֥חַת נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃

4 Because you are precious and honored in my eyes, and I love you, I will give a man in return for you, and people in return for your life.

מֵאֲשֶׁר יָקַרְתָּ בְעֵינַי נִכְבַּדְתָּ Because you are precious and honored in my eyes, יָקַרְתָּ is a qal (stative) perfect, 2nd masc. singular "to be precious." It is also a hapax form, and although BHS does not have an Mp reference, the Aleppo Codex does:


Note that the other hapax note in the margin is for פָּקוֹחַ in Isaiah 42:20 in the column to the right.

וַאֲנִי אֲהַבְתִּיךָ and I love you, אֲהַבְתִּיךָ qal perfect 2 sg, with an unnecessary pronoun but וַאֲנִי is there fore emphasis: This isn't just something you pretend an idols says or feels; I--it's me!--I love you.

וְאֶתֵּן אָדָם תַּחְתֶּיךָ I will give a man in return for you, God's love is expressed for mankind most deeply in this: He gave אָדָם a man, his Son, in exchange for our sins. תַּחְתֶּיךָ is a preposition loaded with a 2nd masculine singular suffix, from תַּחַת "under, after, behind." Mp: וְאֶתֵּן occurs three times: Isaiah 43:4 and Jer 42:12 are identical, and Jer. 3:19 has the form in the construct state but with the same Mp note (וְאֶתֶּן־לָךְ).

וּלְאֻמִּים תַּחַת נַפְשֶׁךָ and people in return for your life. Here the plural וּלְאֻמִּים "people" shows that beyond the one man, Jesus, God has also given nations up to rescue those who trust in him. The sacrifice of Christ was all we needed, but sometimes armies or nations must fall to make way for message about Christ to penetrate to the hearts that need to hear it.

Any parent would give anything to ransom a child. The very thought of needing to ransom a child sends a chill down a parent's spine. What would a king give? A "king's ransom" might be the kind of thing that kings in the Bible offer from time to time: "Anything up to half the kingdom" (Esther 5:3; 7:2; Mark 6:23). God is building on the "Egypt and Cush" thought of verse 3 and expanding it. God brings down one nation to built up another for the benefit of his gospel.

What do you think God would give to ransom you? Half a kingdom? How about a whole kingdom? Or three kingdoms? God offers such things here, but what he actually gave to ransom us was something more precious than Egypt. He gave אָדָם "a man," his only Son, to ransom the world and to ransom you.
For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead comes also through a man. For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive. (1 Corinthians 5:21,22 NIV).

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