Monday, September 20, 2010

Isaiah 41:29

הֵן כֻּלָּם אָוֶן אֶפֶס מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם׃

29 See, they are all false. Their works are nothing. Their images are wind and chaos.

הֵן כֻּלָּם אָוֶן See, they are all false. Here אָוֶן is "falseness, futility" (TWOT), one of the more basic meanings of the noun, which we see far more often in the sense of "sin, iniquity." The Qumran scroll (4QIsª) takes the word as אֵין "nothing," as do the Targum and the Syriac. This also would match the parallel word אֶפֶס. Another point of confusion here is that the accents merka and tipha draw אָוֶן and אֶפֶס together as a phrase, which is not at all the way our translations take them, breaking them apart into parallel phrases. However, the text can stand as we have it and be understood correctly.

אֶפֶס מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם Their works are nothing. אֶפֶס is the end of everything, non-existence; nothing.

רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Their images are wind and chaos. Once again the prophet turns to the word וָתֹהוּ which he likes to use. The noun נִסְכֵּיהֶם (plural of נֶסֶךְ) can mean either a libation (drink offering) or the thing the offering is poured out to: an idol. In fact, the idea of "pouring" probably indicates that the idol itself was poured into a mold: a molten idol. The form וָתֹהוּ occurs only in Isaiah 40:17 and 41:29.

This verse ends with an open petuah (פ) paragraph mark

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