Isaiah 40:10

הִנֵּה אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה בְּחָזָק יָבוֹא וּזְרֹעוֹ מֹשְׁלָה לוֹ הִנֵּה שְׂכָרוֹ אִתּוֹ וּפְעֻלָּתוֹ לְפָנָיו׃

10 See, the Lord Yahweh comes with power, his arm rules for him. See, his reward is with him and his wage is before him.

הִנֵּה אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה  See, the Lord Yahweh, Note that the lesser title adonai is used; listeners in the pew and the Bible class are often very interested in the difference between this title and the LORD. Here they are together, and translations often combine them into a new title, "Sovereign LORD."

בְּחָזָק יָבוֹא  comes with power, The qal imperfect shows the Lord advancing now, even as the words are spoken. In a theophany or appearance of the Lord, he often comes in a storm or with storm clouds (Sinai, Job, etc.). Here, he comes with power, and the roar of thunder is unmentioned but not far off in our minds. The Isaiah Scroll (4QIs-a) and some of the versions take the noun as a construct (בְּחֹזֶק), but the MT seems to be more understandable.

וּזְרֹעוֹ מֹשְׁלָה לוֹ  his arm rules for him. The qal participle מֹשְׁלָה is feminine singular. This is to be expected since "arm" is the subject; body parts that occur in pairs are regularly feminine in Hebrew. The lamed in לוֹ is a lamed of advantage.

הִנֵּה שְׂכָרוֹ אִתּוֹ See, his reward is with him, That is, his work has been effective. His שְׂכָרוֹ is the booty of war; the plunder or payment for a battle. The literal meaning is the wages of a servant; the money used to hire. Although some take the "reward" and "wage" of this verse to be the people of Israel themselves, but that isn't the picture the passage paints. What things would a captured people expect if their king suddenly appeared, "with weapons of righteousness in the right hand and the left" (2 Cor. 6:7), wielding javelin and buckler or spear and shield (Psalm 35:2-3), conquering the foe and setting his people free? In the moment the battle is done, the fierce face he wears in battle softens into the rescuing shepherd, searching the crowds for every one of his captive people. And that is exactly the image we have here. The Lord is victorious in battle, his reward with him and his wage/recompense before him, and he is victorious. Then he turns to us and we look to him for everything: the reward is something he gives to us, out of love.

וּפְעֻלָּתוֹ לְפָנָיו׃  and his wage is before him. The parallel phrase uses פְעֻלָּתוֹ, "wages or reward for work." Nearly all the translations say "recompense," but I seriously wonder how many people in the pews have an understanding of that word. The "wage" or reward is not something God himself jealously keeps but he distributes it; he gives it away, spreading his own reward like a returning victor, in no need of the laurels for himself. He earned it all himself, and he brings it all and distributes it out to us. And he brings us home.